Pranayam
There are two words in Pranayam, Prana and Ayam. The meaning of the Sanskrit word Prana is life force oxygen and breath. Ayam means to lengthen, to spread, to control and to retain. Thus Pranayam means "lengthening, controlling and retaining of life-force".
Yogic literature describes it as follows:-
Breathe in, breathe out and control breathing. The three processes together is known as Pranayam.
Rechaka : The process of exhaling and breathing out.
Puraka : The process of inhaling or breathing in.
Kumbhaka : The process of retaining breath or not breathing. There are 2
Kumbhakas:
1. Internal Kumbhaka : The action of retaining breath after inhaling.
2. External Kumbhaka : The action of not breathing in after breathing out.
Speciality
Suryanamaskar should also be done slowly like other Asans. Never do this with jerky movements. It is not necessary to do any Asan before or after Suryanamaskar. It is not necessary to walk or run before or after Suryanamaskar.
If any other Asan is practised before or after Suryanamaskar, there is a possibility of some harm being done. One or two cleansing kriyas from amongst the 6 cleansing kriyas (Sat kriyas) can be done before the practice of Suryanamaskar. Later on, Pranayam can be done. As far as possible, Suryanamaskar should be performed in front of the rising sun.
Caution
Suryanamaskar should not be done by blood pressure or heart patients. People running a temperature
should not do it.
Poses
Advantage
The practice of Pranayam makes the lungs flexible and strong. The body gets sufficient oxygen. Dirty and poisonous gases are easily breathed out. Blood is purified and the heart becomes strong. Pranayam has very beneficial effect on the brain. The diseasesof the brain are cured. The brain becomes fresh and energetic. It also cures constipation, strenghens the intestines and the nerves system.
Pranayam is immensely potent. Rishis and Yogis have performed great miracles by practising Pranayam. The body becomes free of disease and healthy. The span of life increases. One becomes strong like an elephant.